NOTES.
(on Cardiff's Medieval Town Defences)

1. Peter Quennell (ed.), Mayhew’s London (London, 1949), p.18
2. John H.Matthews (ed.), Cardiff Records, Vol. I-VI (Cardiff), 1911
3. ibid., Vol. V, p.281.
4. ibid., Vol. V, p.285.
5. J.P.Grant, Cardiff Castle: its History & Architecture (Cardiff, 1923), p.33-35.
6. Annals of Margam, Vol. IV of Annales monastici (R.S.), (London, 1866), pp.17-18 cited by Soulsby, 1983, p.97.
7. Grant, op.cit., pp.25 & 27; for the use of the port by the Welsh see 'note 16' op.cit, p.56ff, as well as Roese 'Cardiff's Norwegian Heritage: a neglected theme' in The Welsh History Review, Vol.18, No.2 December 1996, p.271.
8. Dennis Morgan, The Cardiff Story (Cowbridge, 1991), p.49.
9. William Rees, Cardiff: a History of the City (Cardiff, 1962), p.20; Matthews, op.cit., Vol.I, p.108; R.A.Griffiths (1965) 'The Revolt of Llywelyn Bren 1316', in St.Williams (ed.), Glamorgan Historian Vol.2, pp.186-196.
10. Matthews, op.cit., Vol. I, p.288.
11. Rees, op.cit., p.256.
    

12. J.E.Lloyd, Owain Glendower (London, 1931), pp.89-90.
13. Grant, op.cit., p.34.
    

14. ibid., p.35; Matthews, op.cit., Vol.I, p.18 : the money for the wall repairs was still being argued about in 1492.
15. cited by Grant, op.cit., p.61.
    

16. H.E.Roese, ‘Cardiff and its Port Facilities’, Morgannwg, XXXIX (1995), p.63
17. ibid., p.53.
    

18. D.G.Walker, ‘Cardiff’, in R.Griffiths (ed.), Boroughs of Medieval Wales (Cardiff, 1978), pp103-128.
19. J.A.Corbet, Rice Merrick’s Book of Glamorganshire Antiquities (Barry, 1972), p.93.
20. D.M.C., Cambrian Notes and Queries, Vol.1, part 1 (Cardiff, 1902), p.22 suggests as the best source: ‘Harleian Miscellany’, Vol.3; R.Saxon, in Cardiff and South Wales Times (1956), Sept.21, p.4; Matthews, op.cit., Vol.I, p.136 & 138 : references are made to the repeated flooding of the moors around Cardiff and the costly repairs caused thereby.

21. see prints by S.& N.Buck of 1741 & 1748.

22. Roese, op.cit., p.65.

23. Rees, op.cit., p.20; Morgan, op.cit., p.55; Matthews, op.cit., Vol.III, p.30 : in 1539 Leland recorded five gates; a writ of 1552, however, mentions six. The Golate gate must have been cut into the existing town wall during the mid-forties of the 16^th century, which increases the likelihood that it was a postern.
    

24. see Speed’s plan of 1610.
    

25. Ian N.Soulsby, Cardiff: a Pictorial History (Chichester, 1989), p.18.
    

26. David Stewart, A Survey of the Estates belonging to the Most Honorable John Critchton Stuart, Marquess of Bute and Earl of Dumfries (Cardiff, 1824), map 2; 25" Ordnance Survey Map of 1883.
    

27. Rees, op.cit., p.22.
    

28. P.V. Webster, ‘Post Medieval Pottery from the Castle Ditch, Kingsway, Cardiff’, Medieval and Later Pottery in Wales, No.11 (1989), pp11-35.
    

29. Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales, An Inventory Of the Ancient Monuments in Glamorgan - Later Castles of Glamorgan, Vol.III, Section TD Part 1b, (HMSO London), p.21; Matthews, op.cit., Vol.II, p.400ff : from 1671 to c.1800 the moat was leased to burgesses without interruption for an annual rent of three shillings and four pence.
    

30. Stewart, op.cit., map 2.
    

31. Rees, op.cit., p.256; Matthews, op.cit., Vol.II, p.344 : rentals of town wall.

32. Soulsby, op.cit., p.23; The school’s position is clearly marked on the 25" Ordnance Survey Map of 1883.

33. Rees, op.cit., p.22.
    

34. John Storrie, ‘Archaeological Notes and Queries’, Archaeologia Cambrensis (1893), pp.277-281; Western Mail, 20/10/1892.
    

35. Royal Commission, op.cit., p.21
    

36. William Jenkins, History of the Town and Castle of Cardiff (Cardiff, 1854), p.11.

37. Ralph Saxon, in Cardiff Times (1950), August 19^th, p.5; see map of Cardiff docks in W.H.Smyth, Nautical Observations on the Port and Maritime Vicinity of Cardiff (Cardiff, 1840).
    

38. Matthews, op.cit., Vol.V, p.354; ‘coquemar’ in French means boiler, ‘coque’ can also mean hull; Matthews, op.cit., Vol.I, p.255: in 1550 the tenant was ‘Pearce Cock’s wife’, thus the tower may have been named after its owner after all.
    

39. Dennis Morgan, Discovering Cardiff’s Past (Cowbridge, 1995), p.74.
    

40. Grant, op.cit., p.62.
    

41. Matthews, op.cit., Vol.IV, p.333.
    

42. Rees, op.cit., plate X.
    

43. Rees, op.cit., p.256.
    

44. Morgan, op.cit., 1991, p.56; Rees, op.cit., p.21; Matthews, op.cit., Vol. I, pp.100, 108, 157, & Vol.IV, p.296.
    

45. Grant, op.cit., p.35.
    

46. Matthews, op.cit., Vol.V, p.240-41
    

47. Matthews, op.cit., Vol.IV, p.333.
    

48. Grant, op.cit., p.35.
    

49. Soulsby, op.cit., p.19.
    

50. Matthews, op.cit., Vol.IV, p.338.
    

51. Ian N.Souldby, The Towns of Medieval Wales (Chichester, 1983), pp.95-99.

52. Matthews, op.cit., Vol.IV, p.272-73.
    

53. Matthews, op.cit., Vol.IV, p.333.
    

54. see Historical Plaques in Cardiff, a leaflet issued in 1995 by the Cardiff Historical Information Group (CHIG) at City Hall who have been responsible for the plaques.
    

55. Morgan, op.cit., 1991, p.56.

56. Matthews, op.cit., Vol.IV, p.337.

57. Walker, op.cit., p.112.